Carbureter for internal-combustion engines.



W. BARSTOW & S. K. BRADFORD.

GARBURETER FOR INTERNAL GOMBUSTION'ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 4, 1911.

Patented Dec. 31, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

H H I ATTORNEYS W. BARSTOW & S. K. BRADFORD.

GARBURETER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 4, 1911.

Patented Dec. 31, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

lA/l/EA'TORS h acr/ Bfiwsvww 45270 10017 f BRBOFORO CARBURETER FOR IN TERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 4,

Patented Dec. 31, 1912. 1911. Serial No. 658,489.

To all whom 2' a may concern Be it known that we, lVnLoH BARSTOW and SEYMOUR K. BRADFORD, citizens of the United States, and residents of Palo Alto, in the county of Santa Clara and State of California, have invented an Improved Carbureter for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification Our invention is an improvement in carburetors adapted for use with gas or petrol motors, particularly such as are used on auto vehicles and aerial machines.

A feature is the automatic adjustment of a needle valve which governs admission of feed or supply of the combustible liquid, such adjustment corresponding to variations of barometric pressure due to difference of altitude, the principle of operation being the same as that of the ordinary aneroid barometer.

The details of construction, arrangement, and operation of parts composing the carbureter are as hereinafter described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichj Figure 1 is a central vertical section of the main portion or body of the carbureter. Fig. 2 is a top plan View of the. float. Fig. 3 is a vertical section at right angles to Fig. 1, and showing the body of the carbureter inclined at a considerable lateral angle. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the carbureter.

he main portion of the body 1 of the carbureter, which contains the float 2 and serves as a receptacle for oil or other combustible fluid, is spherical in form, but its bottom is conically concave, and an oil-feed tube 3 is arranged at the apex of the cone, its nozzle 4 projecting into the oil chamber :0. It will be understood that, in practice, a pipe (not shown) leading from a fuel'tank is attached to the base of the tube 3.

The float 2, which maybe formed of sheet metal or cork, or other'suitable material, has a dish-shaped body and if made of sheet metal has a. pendent rim so spaced from the body that an air chamber 1 is formed between them and the .bottom 2 The pivot 5 of the float is a ball or sphere, the same being held in the narrow converging mouth of the nozzle 3, and the neck of the valve thus formed is elongated sufiiciently to allow considerable vertical play, as between the float and nozzle. It will be understood that the vertical oscillation of the float, which varies with the quantity of oil or combustible liquid in the chamber 00, serves to regulate the inflow of oil corresponding to the needs of the carbureter. It is further apparent that this operation of the float will be the same whet-her the body of the carbu reter be vertical, as in Fig. 1, or inclined, as in Fig. 3, withthe vehicle to which it is attached.

By rotating and thus vertically adjusting the feed tube 3, the fuel level within the carbureter may be regulated from the outside, since by such adjustment, the float and the point of fuel discharge will be adjusted higher or lower. A packing is applied to the lower portion of feed-tube 3, and may be compressed as required by a nut 3 A carbureting chamber 2 is provided by the cylinder 6 which is fixed to the spherical body 1 and projects into and from the latter as shown. The portion which is pendent in the fuel chamber 00 is provided at the bottom with an opening 7 for admission of oil, and such opening is otherwise constructed to serve as a seat 8 for the tapered or needle valve 9 whose automatic adjustment regulates admission of oil, as will be presentlydescribed.

The means for automatic adjustment of the needle valve corresponding to barometric pressure is as follows: A casing 10 is arranged above the carburetor proper and provided with a pendent screw-threadedstem 11 that is screwed into and thus made vertically adjustable in a threaded socket 12 formed on the cast body of the carburetor. Within the casing 10 is a collapsible case 13see Fig. 3which is formed of thin corrugated sheet metal from which air has been exhausted. The head of the needle valve 9 is attached to the lower or bottom portion of this vacuum case and the upper portion is secured by a screw-coupling 14 to the top of the casing 10. The bottom of the latter is provided at 22 with an opening for free admission of air. of the vacuum case 13 will yield, that is to say, collapse or bulge more or less corresponding to the variations in the pressure of the atmosphere and, consequently the needle valve will be adjusted higher or The top and bottom are .ber a through the valve lower so as to open the fuel inlet 7 more or less. The pressure of the atmosphere will necessarily vary with the altitude ot the carburetor, that is to say, of the vehicle to which it is attached. The operation being thus substantially the same as in the well known aneroid barometer. ln brief, by this means the needle valve 9 is automatically adjusted corresponding-to barometric changes.

lit will be seen that by rotating the casing 10, containing the vacuum case 13, it may be adjusted higher or lower in order to set the needle valve vertically in the required relation to its seat 8.

' A jacket 1 is applied to the lower portion of the body 1 and spaced therefrom to provide a chamber for reception of hot water, hot air, or the exhaust from the motor. l ipes (not shown) for admission and discharge or" such heating agent are attached to the nozzles 15 and 16 respectively, one being applied at the lower angle and the other to the upper portion of the jacketed space. By

the heating agent introduced into and c1rculated through the jacket, the fuel within the chamber w is maintained at a practically uniform temperaturewhich is of the highest importance in the operation of the carbureter, since as is well known the viscosity and surface tension of the fluid varies greatly with the temperature.

A drain cock is, in practice, attached to the nipple 17 (Fig. 3) which is applied at the lower angle of the fuel chamber. Thus the foreign matter which may be deposited from the oil or other fuel is collected at the lowest point in the containing vessel and from which it can be readily drawn ed by means of the drain cock.

lit will be seen that, the needle valve 9 being duly adjusted, air admit-ted by the side passage 18 (Fig. 1) will pass down between the cylinder 6 and the smaller concentric cylinder 6 arranged within-the latter and will mingle with oil vapor admitted to the chainseat 8. The explosive mixture thus formed will pass by lat eral conduit 19 (Fig. 3) into the chamber 20 I whose bottom is formed by a puppet valve 21 and in whose mouth or upper portion is located a disk or butterfly valve 22, serving as a throttle. The puppet valve 21 seats at 21 and has a pendent stem 23 that passes I i through a threaded plug 24: and has a spiral compression spring 25 applied to its prointense jecting lower portion; Another dish or butterfiy valve 26 is located in the passage 27 adjacent to the 'mouth of chamber 20, and the downwardly curved stems or axes 22 and 26 of said valves are curved downward to and connected by a link 28 as shown. Then the two valves 22 and 26 are operated simultaneously. The purpose of valve 26 is to admit air to weaken the explosive mixture by further addition of a volume of air, when the throttle passage is opened wider. it is obvious that the compression or tension of spring 25 increases the wider the puppet valve 21 is opened.

The near approach'ot the lower end of the inner cylinder 6 to the bottom of cylinder 6 forms a narrow or constricted passage, so that air in passing through it is necessarily increased in velocity and thereby acts more eidectively in drawing in a volume of oil and mixing with it. The rich mixture thus produced is diluted by air admitted by valve 26, and finally passes to the motor (not shown) by a pipe attached to the mouth of chamber 20.

What we claim is 1. The combination with the body of the carburetor having a fuel chamber, oil a cyline der pendent in the top 0t said body and hav ing an oil inlet in the bottom and openings at the top, and a valve seating in the oil in let of said cylinder, a casing arranged on the top of the carburetor and provided with a chamber to which air is freely admitted, and a collapsible vacuum chamber arranged in the casing and its lower side connected with the aforesaid valve, whereby provision is made for automatic regulation of the admission of oil to the mixing chamber corresponding to variations in pressure of the atmosphere, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the carburetor body having a fuel chamber and a fixed cylinder pendent in said body and having an oil inlet at its lower end, of a needle valve adapted to seat in such inlet, a collapsible vacuum case to which the valve stem is connected, a casing in which such vacuum case is inclosed, the same having a rotatable screw support for adjusting the valve, as described.

WELCH BSTOW. SEYMOUR K. BRADFURD. Witnesses:

JAMES MASON,

V. CoLLINs. 

